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Предыдущая версия справа и слева Предыдущая версия Следующая версия | Предыдущая версия | ||
freebsd:mysql [2019/08/18 19:01] alex |
freebsd:mysql [2020/02/01 17:46] (текущий) alex |
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Строка 8: | Строка 8: | ||
В конце установки получаю | В конце установки получаю | ||
- | ===> Creating groups. | + | ===> Creating groups. |
- | Creating group 'mysql' with gid '88'. | + | Creating group 'mysql' with gid '88'. |
- | ===> Creating users | + | ===> Creating users |
- | Creating user 'mysql' with uid '88'. | + | Creating user 'mysql' with uid '88'. |
- | ***************************************************************************** | + | Initial password for first time use of MySQL is saved in $HOME/.mysql_secret |
+ | ie. when you want to use "mysql -u root -p" first you should see password | ||
+ | in /root/.mysql_secret | ||
+ | |||
+ | MySQL57 has a default %%ETCDIR%%/my.cnf, | ||
+ | remember to replace it wit your own | ||
+ | or set `mysql_optfile="$YOUR_CNF_FILE` in rc.conf. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===> SECURITY REPORT: | ||
+ | This port has installed the following files which may act as network | ||
+ | servers and may therefore pose a remote security risk to the system. | ||
+ | /usr/local/lib/mysql/plugin/mysqlx.so | ||
+ | /usr/local/lib/mysql/plugin/group_replication.so | ||
+ | /usr/local/libexec/mysqld | ||
+ | |||
+ | This port has installed the following startup scripts which may cause | ||
+ | these network services to be started at boot time. | ||
+ | /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server | ||
+ | |||
+ | If there are vulnerabilities in these programs there may be a security | ||
+ | risk to the system. FreeBSD makes no guarantee about the security of | ||
+ | ports included in the Ports Collection. Please type 'make deinstall' | ||
+ | to deinstall the port if this is a concern. | ||
+ | |||
+ | For more information, and contact details about the security | ||
+ | status of this software, see the following webpage: | ||
+ | https://www.mysql.com/ | ||
- | WARNING: THIS IS STILL-IN-DEV PROJECT! USE WITH CAUTION ON PRODUCTION ENVS! | + | Запускаю mysql-server |
- | + | service mysql-server onestart | |
- | ***************************************************************************** | + | |
- | ***************************************************************************** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Remember to run mysql_upgrade the first time you start the MySQL server | + | |
- | after an upgrade from an earlier version. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | There is no initial password for first time use of MySQL. | + | |
- | Keep in mind to reset it to a secure password. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | MySQL80 has a default %%ETCDIR%%/my.cnf, | + | |
- | remember to replace it with your own | + | |
- | or set `mysql_optfile="$YOUR_CNF_FILE` in rc.conf. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ***************************************************************************** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | ===> SECURITY REPORT: | + | |
- | This port has installed the following files which may act as network | + | |
- | servers and may therefore pose a remote security risk to the system. | + | |
- | /usr/local/lib/mysql/plugin/group_replication.so | + | |
- | /usr/local/libexec/mysqld | + | |
- | + | ||
- | This port has installed the following startup scripts which may cause | + | |
- | these network services to be started at boot time. | + | |
- | /usr/local/etc/rc.d/mysql-server | + | |
- | + | ||
- | If there are vulnerabilities in these programs there may be a security | + | |
- | risk to the system. FreeBSD makes no guarantee about the security of | + | |
- | ports included in the Ports Collection. Please type 'make deinstall' | + | |
- | to deinstall the port if this is a concern. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | For more information, and contact details about the security | + | |
- | status of this software, see the following webpage: | + | |
- | + | ||
- | service mysql-server start | + | |
Starting mysql. | Starting mysql. | ||
- | service mysql-server status | + | Проверяю статус mysql-server |
+ | service mysql-server onestatus | ||
mysql is running as pid 53015. | mysql is running as pid 53015. | ||
- | root@jail_1:/usr/ports/databases# mysql_secure_installation | + | Запускаю скрипт **mysql_secure_installation** |
- | mysql_secure_installation: [ERROR] unknown variable 'prompt=\u@\h [\d]>\_' | + | Скрипт предназначен для повышения безопасности MySQL сервера. С помощью этого скрипта возможно: |
+ | * задалть пароль для супер пользователя root (с системным root он не имеет ничего общего, это абсолютно два разных пользователя) | ||
+ | * удалить анонимного пользователя, который создается только для тестовых целей; | ||
+ | * запретили пользователю root входить удаленно. Теперь он сможет заходить только с localhost; | ||
+ | * удалили тестовую БД test и доступ к ней; | ||
- | Securing the MySQL server deployment. | + | mysql_secure_installation |
+ | mysql_secure_installation: [ERROR] unknown variable 'prompt=\u@\h [\d]>\_' | ||
+ | |||
+ | Securing the MySQL server deployment. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Connecting to MySQL server using password in '/root/.mysql_secret' | ||
+ | |||
+ | VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN можно использовать для проверки паролей | ||
+ | и улучшить безопасность. Проверяет надежность пароля | ||
+ | и позволяет пользователям устанавливать только те пароли, которые | ||
+ | достаточно безопасно. Вы хотите установить плагин VALIDATE PASSWORD? | ||
+ | Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: n | ||
+ | Using existing password for root. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Estimated strength of the password: 50 | ||
+ | Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | ||
+ | |||
+ | New password: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Re-enter new password: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Estimated strength of the password: 100 | ||
+ | Вы хотите продолжить с предоставленным паролем? (Нажмите y | Y для Да, любую другую клавишу для Нет): y | ||
+ | По умолчанию установка MySQL имеет анонимного пользователя, | ||
+ | позволяя кому-либо войти в MySQL без | ||
+ | учетной запись пользователя, созданной для них. Это предназначено только для | ||
+ | тестирование, и сделано для гладкой установки. | ||
+ | Вы должны удалить их, прежде чем начать использовать. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | ||
+ | Success. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Обычно пользователю root разрешено подключаться только с | ||
+ | «Локально». Это гарантирует, что кто-то не может подобрать | ||
+ | пароль root из сети. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | ||
+ | Success. | ||
+ | |||
+ | По умолчанию MySQL поставляется с базой данных «test», к которой | ||
+ | любой может получить доступ. Это также предназначено только для тестирования, | ||
+ | и должна быть удалена перед началом использования. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | ||
+ | - Dropping test database... | ||
+ | Success. | ||
+ | |||
+ | - Removing privileges on test database... | ||
+ | Success. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Перезагрузка таблиц привилегий гарантирует, что все изменения | ||
+ | сделанные до сих пор вступит в силу немедленно. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | ||
+ | Success. | ||
+ | |||
+ | All done! | ||
- | Connecting to MySQL using a blank password. | + | Проверяю подключение к MySQL |
+ | mysql -uroot -p | ||
+ | Enter password: | ||
+ | Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. | ||
+ | Your MySQL connection id is 9 | ||
+ | Server version: 5.7.27-log Source distribution | ||
+ | |||
+ | Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its | ||
+ | affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective | ||
+ | owners. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. | ||
+ | show databases; | ||
+ | ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement. | ||
- | VALIDATE PASSWORD COMPONENT can be used to test passwords | + | Получаю ошибку. MySQL почему то думает, что у пользователя root нет пароля. Делаю |
- | and improve security. It checks the strength of password | + | SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('//мой пароль//'); |
- | and allows the users to set only those passwords which are | + | show databases; |
- | secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component? | + | +--------------------+ |
+ | | Database | | ||
+ | +--------------------+ | ||
+ | | information_schema | | ||
+ | | mysql | | ||
+ | | performance_schema | | ||
+ | | sys | | ||
+ | +--------------------+ | ||
+ | 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) | ||
+ | |||
+ | quit | ||
+ | Bye | ||
- | Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: | + | Для запуска MySQL при старте в /etc/rc.conf добавляю строку |
- | Please set the password for root here. | + | |
- | New password: | + | sysrc mysql_enable="YES" |
- | + | ||
- | Re-enter new password: | + | |
- | By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, | + | |
- | allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have | + | |
- | a user account created for them. This is intended only for | + | |
- | testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. | + | |
- | You should remove them before moving into a production | + | |
- | environment. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | + | |
- | Success. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from | + | |
- | 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at | + | |
- | the root password from the network. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | + | |
- | Success. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that | + | |
- | anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, | + | |
- | and should be removed before moving into a production | + | |
- | environment. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | + | |
- | - Dropping test database... | + | |
- | Success. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | - Removing privileges on test database... | + | |
- | Success. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes | + | |
- | made so far will take effect immediately. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y | + | |
- | Success. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | All done! | + | |
- | root@jail_1:/usr/ports/databases# mysql -u root -p | + | |
- | Enter password: | + | |
- | Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. | + | |
- | Your MySQL connection id is 10 | + | |
- | Server version: 8.0.12 Source distribution | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its | + | |
- | affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective | + | |
- | owners. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. | + | |
- | + | ||
- | root@localhost [(none)]> show databases; | + | |
- | +--------------------+ | + | |
- | | Database | | + | |
- | +--------------------+ | + | |
- | | information_schema | | + | |
- | | mysql | | + | |
- | | performance_schema | | + | |
- | | sys | | + | |
- | +--------------------+ | + | |
- | 4 rows in set (0.05 sec) | + | |
- | + | ||
- | root@localhost [(none)]> quit; | + | |
- | Bye | + | |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | Скрипт предназначен для повышения безопасности MySQL сервера. С помощью этого скрипта возможно: | + | |
- | * задалть пароль для супер пользователя root (с системным root он не имеет ничего общего, это абсолютно два разных пользователя) | + | |
- | * удалить анонимного пользователя, который создается только для тестовых целей; | + | |
- | * запретили пользователю root входить удаленно. Теперь он сможет заходить только с localhost; | + | |
- | * удалили тестовую БД test и доступ к ней; | + | |
===== Настройка UTF8 кодировки по-умолчанию ===== | ===== Настройка UTF8 кодировки по-умолчанию ===== | ||
Строка 150: | Строка 154: | ||
| | ||
[mysqld] | [mysqld] | ||
- | character-set-server = utf8 | + | #character-set-server = utf8 **УСТАРЕЛО** |
- | collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci | + | #collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci **УСТАРЕЛО** |
+ | character-set-server =utf8mb4 | ||
+ | collation-server =utf8mb4_unicode_ci | ||
Перезапускаю MySQL | Перезапускаю MySQL | ||
Строка 170: | Строка 177: | ||
http://www.bsdportal.ru/kb.php?a=3\\ | http://www.bsdportal.ru/kb.php?a=3\\ | ||
http://blog.bsdmaster.com/2011/05/mysqlbackup-mysql.html\\ | http://blog.bsdmaster.com/2011/05/mysqlbackup-mysql.html\\ | ||
- | https://sys-adm.in/os/nix/556-setup-remote-connection-to-mysql.html | + | https://sys-adm.in/os/nix/556-setup-remote-connection-to-mysql.html\\ |
+ | http://qaru.site/questions/36067/how-to-allow-remote-connection-to-mysql\\ | ||
+ | https://dba.stackexchange.com/questions/30768/access-denied-for-user-root\\ | ||
+ | https://artkiev.com/blog/mysql-full-list-commands.htm\\ | ||
+ | https://www.opennet.ru/docs/RUS/mysql_notes | ||